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SS Westfalen (1905)
SS ''Westfalen'' was a German ship launched on 14 November 1905 at J.C. Tecklenborg in Geestemünde.
In the early 1930s ''Westfalen'' was converted into a seaplane tender to serve as both weather reporting and refueling station for Dornier Wal flying boats of Lufthansa carrying mail trans-Atlantic between Europe and South America. The conversion of the ''Westfalen'' consisted of a large retractable stern mounted canvas drag apron for the flying boat to taxi on (i.e. for use in heavy seas and so the ship does not have to come to dead stop), cranes to lift the flying boats out the water to be refueled and serviced, and a large compressed air catapult for launching the aircraft heavy with fuel back into the air.〔("Floating Airport Ready For Atlantic Flyers" ) ''Popular Science'', March 1933〕 When in operation, ''Westfalen'' cruised 900 miles in the middle of the South Atlantic between Bathhurst, Gambia (now Banjul) and Pernambuco, Brazil. First test trans-Atlantic flights by Lufthansa Wals began in 1933 and the first commercial mail flights in 1934.〔(Westfalen seaplane tender )〕〔("First Tranatlantic air line", February 1933, Popular Science )〕
==World War II==
During World War II, the ship was used for transport between Germany and German-occupied Norway.〔 On 28 July 1943, ''Westfalen'' sailed from Bodø under escort of the ''vorpostenboot'' for a port to the south. On 7 September 1944 the ship sank off Marstrand, after hitting a naval mine. Seventy-eight people aboard survived, but most of the locked-up Norwegian prisoners-of-war were casualties, including Petter Moen, Reidar Olaf Østlid and Sverre Lid. SS-Sturmscharführer Wilhelm Heinze also died.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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